22. The singularity of the black hole and the length contraction.
The meteoroids in outer space come into our atmosphere crashing and collide with into the earth. Objects that fall into the sun with more gravity than earth are quickly sucked into the flames of the sun. Needless to say, in the case of a black hole that has more gravity than the earth or the sun, all objects are sucked into the singularity of the black hole.
However, if the theory of length contraction is correct, the story is a little different. If the length contraction is truly correct, all objects are gathered on the horizon of the black hole event, and nothing falls into the singularity of the black hole. This is not true, and if the length contraction is correct, it is.
An object that passes through the horizon and faces a singular point is infinitely stretched due to the tidal gravity of the black hole. This is also the opposite of the theory of length contraction. If the length contraction is correct, the singularity of the black hole cannot exist, and if the singularity exists, the length contraction cannot exist. Now let's go into that story. Before that, we need to sort things out. Below is a list of things that are generally accepted in modern science.
1. A fast-moving object shrinks in length.
2. There are black holes, and there are also the singularities of black holes.
3. The energy of light is quantized, but the path of light is continuous.
There are a few things that must be premised before proceeding today. The speed of light in vacuum is always constant.
Blue (a) indicates the speed of light. And (b) is a slower object than light, but an object that moves at a constant speed. If this is not the premise, nothing can be said. I hope to not raise a question about this.
Vertical oscillation of photo-clock
There is a photo-clock that oscillates vertically. If this photo-clock moves at a constant speed in the right direction, the path of the light will be as follows. Red is the center of the bottom of the photo-clock.
But if it accelerates, it will look like the picture below. The path of light will be increasingly oblique.
If only the light path is shown, the figure below is shown.
If you write the Lorentz factor according to the speed in detail, you can write as follows. As the width of the oblique line increases, the photo-clock moves faster and the Lorentz factor becomes larger. The closer to the right, the faster the photo-clock moves.
You can apply it to a star or a black hole. At this time, as the gravity increases, the Lorentz factor increases, and the path of light will oscillate with a longer path. If applied to the entire star, it will look like the picture below. On the horizon of a black hole, γ = ∞.
In this way, it looks like a quantized energy level of a hydrogen atom. If you draw the oscillation path of a photo-clock that oscillates perpendicular to the center of the star, it will look like the picture below.
This is clearly the case where the photo-clock falls vertically with respect to the center of the star. So far, there is no problem. It is understandable both commonsensically and relativistically. The problem is that they fall in a direction parallel to the center of the star.
In the Michelson-Morley experiment, the path of the vertically oscillating light is no problem. It was easily understood by classical mechanics. What always causes problems is light that oscillates parallel to the path. Before looking at the parallel vibrating light, there is something to review. It is the elliptical theorem.
Elliptical Theorem
For a photo-clock moving at relativistic speed, it would look like this: Since this photo-clock is moving, the starting and end points will definitely be different. The light leaves the starting point, passes through the reflection point, and reaches the end point. At this time, since the principle of invariant light speed and the isotropy of the light propagation must be satisfied, it is necessary to satisfy them regardless of how the angle of the photo-clock is inclined.
If so, the following figure should also be satisfied. If this is not the case, then the principle of invariant light speed will collapse.
So when you gather all the reflection points, it forms an ellipse. It must be established in order to establish the principle of invariant light speed. When we collect the light path and the reflection points, it is as follows.
In the figure above, the reflection point must be above the ellipse. Otherwise, the length of the path will be different, which would violate the principle of constant velocity. So we looked at the last post (Understanding the principle of invariant light speed 2) that elliptical theorem. The elliptical theorem is summarized below.
To establish the continuity of light propagation and the principle of invariant light speed,
The starting and end points should be the focus of the ellipse.
The reflection points should always be on the ellipse.
Failure to observe these elliptical theorems will violate the principle of constant velocity of light. Therefore, regardless of which angle the photo-clock is inclined to, always the starting and end points should be the focus of the ellipse, and the reflection points should be on the ellipse. This is so obvious.
Parallel vibration of photo-clock
Now let's take a look at a photo-clock that oscillates parallel to the direction of travel. In the case of a photo-clock, the time is measured by the vibration of light. This process can be divided into two processes. The first is the path from the starting point to the reflection point, and the second is the path from the reflection point to the end point. The figure below is the path of light from the starting point to the reflection points.
If the theory of length contraction is correct, the photo-clock contracts due to the length contraction, so it is reflected in the state of not reaching the ellipse. So when light comes back, it does not come back to the focus of the ellipse.
Because the photo-clock has contract, the reflection points are different and the end points are also different. If so, the light must move to the destination through a secret passage for the next vibration, or if it is not, it must move momentarily. So if the theory of length contraction is correct, the path of light is as follows. The lower you descend, the faster the speed or the stronger the gravity.
As the speed of objects contract more and more, the distance that light must jump and travel is increasing. However, the light does not go through any path and does not arrive at another place in a blink of an eye. It is not a proper expression to say in the blink of an eye. If light does not take a little time and moves to another place, it never exists. It is a phenomenon that modern science has not seen or heard.
Convergence paradox of length contraction
Light always moves at the speed of light. If the light travels immediately and discontinuously, it will violate the principle of invariant light speed. In any circumstance, moving immediately to discontinuity is not acceptable to modern science. If you connect the above paths, you will see:
Do not you see something strange in the picture above? The lower the figure, the faster the speed of the object is. However, the faster the speed of the object, the less light travels. What should we call this phenomenon?
If the length contraction is correct,
the faster it moves, the slower it is.
For analogy, it is as follows.
§ The more red, the more blue.
§ The darker, the brighter the light.
§ The heavier the weight, the lighter it is.
§ The fool is smarter.
§ The happier you become, the more unhappy.
If length contractions are correct, a similar situation will appear elsewhere. There is also a paradox similar to Zenon's paradox.
Light cannot cross certain points due to length contraction. It is very similar in that it converges with Zenon's paradox. So it would be better to call it the convergence paradox of length contraction.
The convergence paradox of length contraction:
A horizontally oscillating light clock, if it runs fast, will ultimately stop
If you think that this process applies only to photo-clocks, it is a big mistake. The photo-clock is a simplification of all clocks, and all objects already have light clocks. All matter is made up of atoms, which oscillate like a light clock. So the convergence paradox above applies to all objects.
And the convergence paradox of this length contraction applies not only to constant velocity motion but also to acceleration motion.
We have studied the inertial system up to now, but from now on we will apply it to the acceleration system. The above picture becomes shorter as the length goes to the right. In this case, however, the light is moving in a discontinuous manner. We cannot accept the discontinuous movement of light. Let's apply the principle of invariant light speed here. So let's remove the white-space so that the path of light is continuous. If so, it will look like the picture below.
The faster the speed of the object, the slower the object and the speed of light is. When an object moves at the speed of light, the photo-clock and light will stop at the convergence point. Now let's apply this to a black hole.
A new type of singularity
So, in a gravitational field, if the photo-clock accelerates gradually towards the center of the star, it will look like the picture below. However, if the length contraction is correct, the light should disappear from the blue point and suddenly appear at the red point. Again, this is a phenomenon that modern science does not recognize.
So if you remove the discontinuity and apply it to a black hole, it looks like the picture below. On the left side of the picture below, the red dot is the starting point and the end point for the light to move at a constant speed. When the speed of an object gets faster and reaches the speed of light, the object contracts to zero because of the length contraction, and the object cannot go any further.
When the light falls into the black hole, it meets the horizon of the incident that cannot escape at the speed of light. Therefore, a photo-clock that oscillates in the same direction as the center of the star will contract more as it gets closer to the horizon of the event, and converges to the horizon, represented by a red circle. Then the photo-clock and light are trapped in the horizon of the event and have strange consequences that never fall into singularity.
The picture above shows this situation. All objects that come close to the horizon of a black hole are zero length due to length contraction. Then the horizon will soon become a singular-sphere. Here is a new singularity of red ball.
If the length contraction is correct, all the material will be gathered on the horizon of the event, and the singularity will be a vacuum with nothing. If so, you should change the concept of the singularity of a black hole. It is not a singular point but a singular sphere. These things will happen if length contractions are right, but do not worry. These things never happen.
The general structure of a black hole is shown in the figure below.
A general model for the growth process of a black hole is shown below.
If length contraction is truly correct, both the structure and growth model for the above black hole must be reinterpreted. But such a thing will never happen. Length contraction is a phenomenon that does not exist in the real world. In the next post, let's look at what happens if we interpret it correctly.
In the next post we will look at the relationship between black hole tide gravity and length contraction. When an object approaches a singularity, the tidal gravity of the black hole increases to infinity. Then the length of the object will increase to infinity. This is generally accepted.
However, length contraction is exactly the opposite of the description. This means that the description of the singularity of the current black hole and the description due to the length contraction are opposed. We have to give up length contraction or reinterpret the story of the current black hole.
Surprisingly, however, the interpretation of length expansion is in good agreement with the current theory of black holes. I will tell you in the next post. Thank you for reading this long post.
Comments
Post a Comment