08 Earth spinning at almost light speed
The particles inside the particle accelerator fly at a relativistic speed. Therefore, particle accelerators are the best tools for verifying the effects of relativity. However, to interpret the phenomena that appear in particle accelerators as suggested in the current relativity theory, we must make a strange conclusion. Here, the current theory of relativity is a theory that supports length contraction. You may have to conclude that the earth is spinning at 99.999999% of the speed of light.
Earth is rotating. The earth is spinning itself one revolution. But if someone claims Earth is rotating 10,000 times per second now, would you agree? I do not think anyone would agree with this. At that rate of speed, perhaps not enjoying ordinary life, everything would have been blown up into space and disintegrated.
Let's try the mu-meson story again. Muon, which is created at 10km above the sky, has a very short life span and cannot reach sea level in a classical way. But the muon has actually arrived. So this is a successful example of relativity's time dilation effect. It also appears in high school textbooks. It is generally known a quite well.
However, it is very difficult to explain this by length contraction. If the length contraction is correct, the distance that the muon can run is shorter, making it more difficult for the muon particles to reach sea level. Banesh Hoffmann explains this as a very unique idea. Below is a picture that appears in Hoffman's book <Relativity & It's Roots>.
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| Fig 1. Situation assumed by Hoffmann |
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| Figure 2. Hoffman's claim: the muon is stationary and the earth is rushing to the muon almost at the speed of light. contracted Earth |
Appearing above is a muon made in cosmic-ray of space. However, muons are also created inside the Earth's accelerator. In 1977 Bailey et al. confirmed the long flight of muon particles inside the accelerator. 1) The velocity of the muon particles tested is close to the speed of light, and the Lorentz parameter γ is about 30. The proper lifetime of muon particles is 2.1948 μsec, which is increased to 64.368 μsec. In the picture below, we can explain the long-distance flight phenomenon well.
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| Fig. 3 Uncertain length contraction in particle accelerator |
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| Figure 4. Muon particles rotating about 10,000 times per second |
Figures 3 and 4 above are phenomena that we generally understand. Earth and particle accelerators are stationary, and muons run at almost speed of light. However, this explanation cannot explain the phenomenon properly. The long flight of muon particles can be explained by the time dilation, but it cannot be explained by the length contraction.
When interpreting muon's long flight from out space as length contraction, we can interpret it as 'the earth rushes to the muon.' If we interpret it as a length contraction in the case of a muon in a particle accelerator, how should we interpret it? Since the particles inside the accelerator run at a relativistic speed, they are necessarily relativistic effect. The faster the speed in the accelerator, the heavier the mass, the more difficult it is to accelerate. So the mass increase phenomenon was confirmed, and the time dilation was also confirmed experimentally. Now, if you only interpret the length contraction, everything is satisfactory.
In Bailey's experiments, how can we determine the length contraction? If you observe the muons inside the accelerator from the Earth, the muon's flight distance will be shorter, so it cannot be explained. The only possible way is to follow Hoffman's method. As Hoffmann insisted, when viewed from the muon particles, we must claim that the Earth ran and contracted.
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| Figure 5. Rotation of the Earth when observed from the muon's standpoint |
You can also explain this using length contraction theory. Describing it in Hoffmann's way, it can explain the phenomenon that muon particles fly over long distances. The only thing you need to do is assume that the muon is stationary and instead the entire earth rotates at a very high speed based on the muon. When that happens, the flight path is reduced, so the muon can reach farther. However, there is one uncomfortable assumption. The theory must assume that the earth rotates 10,000 times per second. But is Earth really spinning 10,000 times per second?
We cannot help it because the muon is still stop and we have to interpret that the earth is running. CERN's latest accelerator can also be accelerated to 0.99999999c. So, it is possible to describe the length contraction only if the Earth rotates to 0.99999999c. Does Earth really rotate like this? Perhaps there will be no one who interprets that the Earth will be turning this way.
The problem does not stop here. When conflicting protons, the two protons are spinning in opposite directions (see the video below). It will be very confusing to know which direction the earth should turn.
Thus, we conclude that length contraction is an irrational theory. Is there a way to solve this problem rationally and logically? Of course I do. Just think of length expansion instead of length contraction. The distance that the muon can run is expanding, so I moved a longer distance. Then you can prevent the unfortunate situation that the earth must rotate 10,000 times per second based on the muon. As always, interpretation of the expansion of length means that all contradictions end. What do you think?
If you think the length contraction is correct, you should be able to answer the following two questions. Long-distance flight of the muon is observed inside the particle accelerator. To interpret this phenomenon as a length contraction,
1. Earth must shrink and rotate at a rate of 99.999999% of light. That is, it should rotate 10,000 times per second. Do you really think the earth is spinning like that?
2. In particle accelerators, when particles rotate in opposite directions, what direction should the Earth rotate?
If you cannot logically answer this question, you have to question length contraction theory. Thank you so much for reading this long story.
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